European states boost defenses amid rising Russian hybrid threat warnings

French President Macron has ordered a national defense plan for critical infrastructure against Russian hybrid attacks, including cyber and drone threats, following a perceived escalation in Russian aggression since summer. This move aligns with broader European warnings from France and Poland regarding intensified Russian hybrid operations across the continent, targeting railways, shopping centers, and other critical facilities. While specific incidents remain largely undisclosed by French authorities, the coordinated rhetoric and defensive measures indicate a significant shift in European posture towards proactive defense against sub-threshold aggression.