Iran naval doctrine emphasizes swarm tactics using low-cost fast-attack craft

Iranian state media outlines a naval strategy centered on asymmetric warfare, utilizing high-volume, low-cost fast-attack vessels to challenge superior naval forces. This doctrine reflects a long-standing focus on anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) capabilities in the Persian Gulf, though the operational effectiveness of these swarms against modern integrated air and missile defense remains a point of strategic debate.