Russia's Hybrid War Relies on Fear; Europe Must Build Deterrence Against Unattributable Attacks

The article argues that Russia's hybrid warfare strategy increasingly leverages fear and ambiguity, making attacks difficult to attribute and deter. It calls on European states to develop new deterrence frameworks to counter these sub-threshold threats. The piece reflects a growing consensus among European security analysts, though it is an opinion-driven analysis rather than a report of a specific incident.

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