ECB: Water scarcity threatens up to 24% of eurozone output, needs 3% GDP green investment

The European Central Bank warns that extreme water scarcity could put up to 24% of eurozone output at risk, and estimates the EU needs additional green investment equal to 3% of GDP annually until 2030, with 75-80% from private capital. The warning signals a systemic economic risk from climate change, but the exact output impact remains an estimate. This elevates climate risk in monetary policy considerations and underscores a large investment gap.

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