Greenland and Antarctica lose 11 trillion tons of ice in 50 years, sea level up 3 cm

A large-scale international satellite study confirms that Greenland and Antarctica lost 11 trillion tons of ice over 50 years, raising global sea level by over 3 cm. The primary driver is accelerated glacier flow into the ocean, not surface melting. This quantifies a long-term trend and underscores the dynamic response of ice sheets to warming.